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About The Dalles daily chronicle. (The Dalles, Or.) 1890-1948 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 10, 1891)
GOOD EGG ' MACHINES. Intelligent Manipulation X.eadn to Lu ger ICgjj Production. Ten years ago a careful, industrious man, well posted to begin with, procured 00 single comb White Leghorn hens "with the intention of breeding them strictly in the line of egg production and large size even shaped eggs. When he "began the first year the flock averaged 150 eggs to the hen. ' He watched each' carefully and bred "only from those lay . ing the greatest number of large perfect egga anu stuiueu tne size, lorm, style, weight and motions. By careful ob servation governed all the time by egg productiif.i, he soon became able to se lect good layers at sight. ' Here is his de sertion of the White Leghorn hen that may be very generally depended upon to produce the greatest number of eggs: "She should be large boned, with rather long less and neck, lonn on the back, deep up and down behind, with leirs Kffc f:4.irlv T7(1T imnrt irpaf lvmfl somewhat prominent, flesh hard and strong, in good condition, but not fat, comb rather above the average in size, f "l W lrtMtrVit: u ii il fnll ilii.n.t'iftf-n 1 l trill xiot timid but more inclined to follow after and crowd about the attendant than to fly at his approach, large consum ers of food when fed regularly and given a chance to exercise. " He keeps fifty hens in a house 12 by 20 with a run of two rods by eight. As to feeding he says: "I want none of the so-called patent egg food3 but plenty of good, clean, sound grain, such as oats, wheat, barley, corn and buckwheat, using largely of a mixture of the first two. A mixture of ground oats and corn, equal parts, with their weight of wheat bran added and the whole moist ened up with skim milk makes up the morning meal when the hens are always hungry and are always allowed all they will eat in fifteen or twenty minutes. If there is any food left in the trough at the end of that time it is taken away. Whole grain is fed at noon and night and is scattered so the hens will have to exercise to get it. Always see that thev have enough to eat before they go to roost. A little skim milk is given in the forenoon and pure water is constantly supplied. No musty or impure food of any kind is fed, for it is believed that it would not only impart an impure flavor to the eggs but it will prove injurious to the health of the fowls. I believe in strict cleanliness at all times and in all places. Heavy, full feeding with the best grain foods and a light ration of green food once a day in summer of kale or clover cut fine, and in winter of roots such as turnips, beets, carrots, etc. I find that I cannot reduce the heavy grain ration in the full laying season with more bulky food without loss. The reg ular light feed of green food gives appe tite and relish for grain foods and keeps the digestive organs in good condition. " He says further: "I find the most ser- innn trmiKIa in findi n a1ioiiia i f an egg laying strain. I must have strong cocks, bred as carefully as the hens in the line of egg production. . And for a change I am forced to get breeders to make special birds for me. " . This poultryman now has a national reputation as the most successful egg producer from a given number of hens. He finds it very much more profitable to breed for eggs rather than for feathers juirl nmnta T- Ti'nl ,1 W np i i have a few of this poultryman's hens -veritable egg machines placed before several of the so-called expert judges of poultry and see how high they would score the birds. Here we have an intel ligent man who has experimented until he knows he is right. He may be just right for his location, environment and f(Mlf1l. TT(i alu.-v ha. amn .1 .. : garden and fruits. The man without any of these could follow this plan only in part. He might be forced to feed patent egg food and a few drugs in place of the skim milk and green foods. But the main point is- to get 250 instead of the average of 150 eggs yearly from each hen. ' Begging Fruit. Accidentally it has been clearly proven that by covering fmits when small with thin paper sacks or glazed muslin bags, they will grow much larger, have clearer smoather skin, higher, brighter color, finer flavor, remain uninjured by insects and ripen on an average of a week earlier. These facts were found out by bagging grapes in the East as a preventative of black rot and other diseases. This was found practicable and to pay well in some localities. Such bagged grapes were so fine, the practice was applied to other fruits by some and found to give about the same result as with the grape. The best point learned this season is that tomatoes covered with a thin, tough paper sack, ripened up full and line all ' uiu a auiau I J it I I v I 't 111 over, the stem end equal with the apex and very high colored, a full week be fore tomatoes of the same age on the same vine not bagged. This is practical and especially so on this Coast where the AM. T-1 i uu f ,11(1 Tinmir .1 - n 1 i j. 1 hum MUav lV LtT UflUg tne money. And where our' early tomatoes, though very early, are very poor from ripening when there is not sufficient heat. Bag them. The bag. gives them heat as well as protection. A large, fine, fall flavored early tomato is worth a lozen half ripe little ones. It is cheaply Sfne and reasonable. Try it on a few. Prunes and Plains , Prunes and plums are the same thing so far as species' go. Both" names are h?rivMtinnA of tVi trpndrin n... - . "."Httuw pi huub. But in a commercial view prunes proper and plums are distinct. Rightly the mune prune can only be used to distin guish a plum that is sweet when dried, that is carrying enough grape sugar to be palatable when dried either cooked or raw. Plum is name applicable to va rieties of the genus, - that, though quite sweet when raw when ; ripe, are quite .acid when cooked or dried. Prunes are very nourishing and wholesome. - et a Well Bred BliepheriL. . The breed of the shepherd should be carefully looked after as well as that of the sheep. A flock of the finest sheep will not thrive under the care of a care less, cruel shepherd. FLOWERING VEGETATION. The Farmer and Fruit Grower Should Look into Thin Question. There are many small points of con-; siderable value in the culture of crops, plants and fruits which are , overlooked. It has been determined by experiments that flowering is quite an exhaustive process, especially the maturing of pol len. An analysis of the pollen of nearly all plants proves it to be rich in food properties, such as animal life receives nutrition from. Myriads of insects find the bulk of their food in the pollen of flowers. The honey bee is only one out of the many. Wild bees, such as wasps, hornets and many others, find their principle food in it. So also do numer ons species of ground beetles and many other insects. ' Its food elements are more nearly like those of flesh than com mon vegetable matter. ., Nearly all plants mature an immense amount of pollen and this requires a great amount of plant food or nutrition to formulate it. Strawberries are an example. Common Indian corn is an other. It has its pistils on the stalks wnere tne ear rorms. Its stamm is in the tassels at the head of the stalks where the pollen grains are formed. The whole mass requires a large amount of plant food to mature them. Careful ex periments have proven that if in a" large field half the stalks have the tassels the pollen bearing organs cut out as soon as they can be seen the yield of corn will be 15 to 20 per cent, greater than if the pollen was allowed to mature. These facts apply to many other plants. Un fortunately (perhaps) with most plants the pollen and pistils are both in the same flower and we cannot interfere. In numerous other plants and trees the male and female organs are strictly con fined to different individuals, the male bearing pollen only, the female seeds only. The vigor of the female plant is left wholly to the production of fruit, and 6uch usually mature a vast amount without loss of vitality. They seem to fail, however, if not supplied plentifully with pollen. The hop vine is such an example. Many hop yards are weak in vitality solely for lack of sufficient male vines in the vicinity. Such yard fall an easy prey to insects and diseases. Many varieties of the grape vine have this same characteristic in a more limited form. No one knows this better than the experimenter who has grown Vast numbers of vines from seed to fruiting age. About 10 per cent, of a lot of seed lings will be strictly staininate or male giving no fruit, only pollen. The others, like all plants with polygamous flowers, will some of them have both sets of of gans fully developed and mature both pollen and fruit. These usually fail from too great a strain on their vitality, while others strongly pistillate and grow ing near males and in reach of plenty of pollen, will fruit srandlv. Snph irlm planted by itself with no male vine near soon loses its vigor and becomes "quite worthless.' Common fruit trees such as the apple, cherry, plum, etc., having the male and female organs in the same flower at times bloom enormously. This so ex hausts them that they fail to hold the" young fruit. In instances it all falls, which proves that the production of pol len exhaust vitalit.v- tn Via nra. find the same facts but the crop is af fected in a different way, as has been L Droven bv manv observpra With f1 I potato the crop we are after is the tuber, simply a form of underground stem. The fruit proper and flowers are pro- aucea a Dove tne ground as in other plants. Some varieties, in peculiar cli- ' mates (and such are generally fine for! tuber production) flower abundantly and ! mature great crops of "potato balls,'' filled with numerous good seed. Now, ' if all these flower buds are nipped off as i soon as they are visible as a rule the pro- i duct will be increase 50 to 100 per cent. ' Such varieties have to mature the pollen I and seeds and aiso the tuber. . ' i The writer was in a potato patch re-' cently in a grand potato country. There was one stalk carrying seven bunches of potafo balls with from seven to fifteen large fine balls in each bunch. This sounds big but they were there. The owner was asked if he had tested nip-' ping off the flower buds. He said he ' had and that it increased the yield 75 per cent, of that particular variety. He had neglected to to remove them this, season. Tinkering with these little ! things sometimes pays. j How to Care Rsttleankkn ltitA- Out of many experimented with, the following receipt has proved the greater success: Iodide of potassium 4 grains, corrosive sublimate 2 grains, bromine 5 drams. It must be kept in a glass vial well stopped, as the air affects it. Ten drops diluted in two tablespopnfuls of whisky or brandy is the first dose. It may be repeated in one. hour or two if relief is not secured, or a third the amount may be given sooner. Dr. Ham mond often had occasion to test thi3 in the Rocky mountains and gives ' it the preference. , -v ' How tu Make m Good Salad Dressing. . .Be a niggard with vinegar and a prod igal with oil. . In these few words lies the secret of salad dressing. Take one quarter of a tablespoonf ul of salt; three drops of tabasco sauce or an equivalent amount of red pepper; half a salt spoon ful of black pepper; one tablespoonf ul of vinegar and- three and one-half table spoonfuls of oil. Rub all these ingre dients together in the bottom of a soun plate with the back of a fork, "and -the ; dressing is. made. A salad is usually ! much improved by the addition of ! piece of bread on which garlic has. been grated or by the insertion of a few slices ! u onion. - - How to Make' Pillow Shams Stay - Cp Without Holders. Fasten tapes or narrow elastics at the upper corners of the shams, placing them across the corners so they . cut off tri angles. The elastics can then be slipped over the upper corners of the pillows, and if the latter are show pillows, big and fat and 6tuffed with excelsior, they can be lifted off, shams and alL, at nizht... HAPPY OREGONIANS. A, Prosperous. Tear for Farmers MS the ; Pacific. Coast." - . ' Happy Oregonians. Why happy? Be cause they have good reason to be happy in contemplation of the , fact that the fates have been kind to them this year. A recent trip to the metropolis of the Empire State of the Northwest, during which a visit was made with the state editorial association in annual, conven tion at the city of Astoria, enabled me to meet with gentlemen from all parts Df the state. Inquiry as to the business prospects of the state was unnecessary. The spirit of good cheer which the edi tors wore upon their smiling faces indi cated that the "boys" were happy. Edi tors cannot be happy unless business with them is good. And busine33 with the country editor cannot be good ex cept their producing constituency are prospering. How closely allied are the interests of newspaper publishers and farmers. That is whv nublishers de- j vote so much space and effort to supply acceptable reading matter for their far mer readers. When crops are a failure farmers cannot pay subscriptions nor buy goods. When thr y cannot buy goods merchants do not advertise in th? papers. The publisher who cannot col lect subscriptions nor fill his spare col umns with live advertisements, cannot come to the annual reunions of his craft, looking happy. . Oregon's wheat crop is one of the larg est and best ever harvested. Wheat is wheat this year and hence the great plains east of the mountains will yield up golden eagles for their golden grain. The Willamette valley and the great fruit and produce section between Ash land and the Columbia are harvesting an abundant yield and at good, stiff prices. The canning- inrnresra nf fha Columbia have not suffered materially. u an apparent snortage of salmon were not reported nricesmisrhtnot. h maintained. I was informed at Astoria that the salmon nack was but lir.r.ln if any short of the normal. Dairvinir. which bv rhA W9V in a van. idly growing industry in Oregon, was never more active ana as the advanced methods are comins- into mmo in this branch of farming life it is not probable that the Prairie states will be called upon much longer to supply butter and cheese to the .Oregonians as they have done largely in the past. ' Notwithstanding the hop louse has made inroads in the industry this season, I was informed that the crop would be a Trofitahl OTlfl TnTrott all in oil a year 1891 will mark an era of almost universal prosperity in Oregon. - . - . ,. 1 met a journalist from Spokane, Wash., and learnnd that th now ofofik was eauallv as fortnnat in lior fomfniF interests this year as is Oregon and Cali- iorma. - w niie many ot the boom towns have suffered the inevitable reaction from abnormal growth, the solid basis of all permanent prosperity, the agricul tural development has kept on at a rapid pace, and millions of bushels of wheat have been harvested and all other lines of agriculture have likewise prospered. After a hurried glance over the Coast from San Diego to British Columbia, it is safe to say to onr brethren east of the "Great Divide" that anything they may need in the line of orchard, farm or herd, call on the Pacific Coast for it and we will supply them with the best the earth can produce. " W. G. B. BELTED DUTCH CATTLE. How the Hollanders Developed Their Milk Makers. i The Belted Dutch cow of Holland is simply a specialized strain of the now generally well known black and white dairy breed, the Holstein-Freisian, This breed is supposed to have originated in mere whim for . something new or odd tod was seized upon by the nobility and wealthy of Holland. By careful breed ing its peculiar markings have become firmly fixed. And not only its peculiar markings were looked after but the points tending to make of it the ideal f a.iily and dairy cow were most care- i fully bred up. . The cows of this breed average about 1,000 lbs., those of the Holstein-Friesians about 1,400 lbs. It may be that the Belts were specialized from small indi viduals in the start and not as some think reduced in size by in and in breed ing. The . markings of this breed are pretty, interesting and peculiar. One third, the head and reaching back to just behind the shoulder, is solid black. The centre .third, covering one-third of the udder, is solid white. " The hind third is black. .' Late tests indicate that the Belted cows give . more . pounds, of milk .to the weight of the cow than any other breed. Thousand pound cows average 10000 pounds of milk a year. An Amer ican bred cow of this breed, Heilder, No. 141 D. B. C. A., is reported as giv ing 80 pounds of milk a day ' and 552 pounds in seven days. These cattle have in full force the gentle disposition of the Holstein. They have been family cows and pets for ages. - The Dutch Belted cattle make a per fect family cow. ' The little Jersey is the ideal home butter cow. The Dutch is the solid, slow, intelligent, conserva tive Hollander,: who "took" Holland long ago and still keep it. They like good, solid things to eat. They are fond of both butter and cheese. The Holstein-Friesian has been specialized into a general purpose cow for beef, but ter and cheese and as such the 'breed leads the world by a large majority. " ' , : The more aristocratic Belts were drawn a little finer on cheese and butter, with beef only considered as a small re siduary product. , With - the Dutch cheese is leader every time. x The peopl; who beat the Dutch On good, 'economi living, and solid, though perhaps plcM1- ding, comfort can only do so by gettic . np very early in the morning and givj. r . , the business most thorough practi-- -a thousand years and dropping ;V X j and foolishness. " I How to Bare Stair Carpets. Place a strip of very thick paper over the edge of each step, as that is where the carpet wears fastest. It should be about five inches wide and within an inch or so as long as the carpet is wide. ' Mow to Dress for a Rainy ay. - This is one woman's way: r She has discarded .all sorts of rubber cloaks and wears a long woolen or waterproof cir cular, with pointed hood and no arm slits, except in winter or a very hard rain. She has a rainy day dress of good though hot very expensive woolen material, which is not hurt by mud or rain. This comes out with the falling of the barometer. A little knack at lifting enables her to lift it when going up or down wet steps, so that it does not trp.fc mmlv ct course there is- a dark petticoatnnder- neamit. Alter these garments are wet and muddy they are hung to dry, brush ed and, if necessary, pressed." Rubber overshoes and gaiters protect , the feet, and an umbrella- and hat, minus ostrich feathers and velvet, both of whioh -changed by rain, completes this weather ueiying costume. How to Remove a Particle from the Eye. Take a horsehair and double it to make a loop. If the particle can be seen, lay the loop over it, close the eye gently and draw out the loop. It will nearly always bring the object with it If the par ticle cannot be seen, raise the lid as high as possible and place the loop on the ball,' widely extended, then close the eye and let the ball be rolled about a few times, after which draw the loop as before." How to Male New Omplpt. ' Parboil a lamb's or calf's kidney and cut it into small pieces, as for an ordi nary kidney stew. Add an equal quan tity of French mushrooms (champeg nons) and stew them until they are near ly done. Then add, chopped fine, a small quantity of green pepper, season ing with salt and black pepper as usual. When the kidney and mushrooms are cooked thoroughly place in an omelet, made in the usual way, apfl you have a breakfast dish fit for a king. How to Make an .'Eolian Harp. Take a rectangular box made of thin boards, five or six inches deep and about the same width, and of a length" to ex tend across the window it : is to be set at, so that the breeze can sweep over it. Glue a strip of wood half an inch in height at the top of each end of the box. Upon these strips stretch the strings lengthwise across the box and turn by tension pegs, as in the case of a violin. The sounds produced . by th rising and falling of the wind are of a drowsy and lulling character. , . ; -. . ; t ' . . (Pimples. The old idea, of 40 years ago was that facial eruptions were duo to a "blood humor," for which they gave potash. Thug all the old Sarsa parlllaa contain potash, a most objectionable and drastic mineral, that instead ot decreasing, actually creates more eruptions. You have no ticed this when taking other Earsaparlllaa than' Joy's. It Is however now known that the stom ach, tho blood creating power, is the seat of all Titiatlng or cleansing operations. . A stomach clogged by indigestion or constipation, vitiates the blood, result pimples. A clean -stomach and healthful digestion purifles it and they disappear. Thus Joy's Vegetable Sarsnj.arilla la compounded after the modern Idea to regnlutc tho bowels and timulate the digestion. The ofl'eetis immediate and most satisfactory. A short testimonial to contrast tho action of the potash Sa.-saparillas and Joy'n modern vojc taiilo preparation. Mrs. C. D. Stuart, tf -400 liars, s St., 3. F., writes? " I have for years had i'.iiIicT t'. in, I Iricd R popular Sarsaparilla but it ne!::.-;; nsn-e.! more pimples to break out on my face. i:tari:ig that Joy's was . later prcparutionand aeleJ i;irerently, I'tried It and the pimples immedttitely disappeared." ' 'Vegetable v Sarsaparilla Largest buttle, most i-RVfiive, sr.rne price. For Sale by SNIPES & KINERSLY. . THE DALLES. OREGON. A Revelation. Few people know that tha bright bluish-green color of the ordinary teas exposed In the windows Is not the nat ural color. Unpleasant as the fact may be, it is nevertheless artificial; - mineral coloring matter being used for this purpose. : The - effect is two fold. It not only makes the tea a bright, shiny green, but also permits the mse of " off-color " and worthless teas, which', ' once under the green cloak, are readily worked off as a good quality of taa. : -An eminent authority writes on this sub-. , Ject: "The manipulation of poor teas, torsive ' them a"flner appearance, is carried on exten sively.. Green teas, being- in.. this country especially popular, are produced to meet the demand by coloring chca'.cr b'ack kinds by glasing or facing with Prussian bine, tumeric, gypsnm, and ludign. Thit vtrthod is to gat- t era! that very little genuine uncoiored green tea i offered for tale." , . , . . . . . , . it was the knowledge of this condition rt affairs that prompted theplac.rgof Beech's ". Tea before the public. It is absolutely pure ' and without color. Did you ever .-o any genuine ancolored Jaran tea? Ask your grocer to open a package of Beech's, and you will see it, and probably lor the very first time. It will be found in coor to be just be tween the artificial green tea, that you haTe been accustomed to and the black tas. . . It draws delightful canary color, and is so fragrant that it will be a revelation to tea drinkers. ; Its purity makes it also , more economical than the artificial tea, for let ' of it is required per cup. Sold only in poand . packages bearing this trade-mark : ' dhood? If your grocer does not have It, he will gel tt for yoo. Price 0o per pound. For sale mt Xealie Butler's, ; THE DAI LE9, OKFOON. Joy's Toro'As-GHil Tne is here and has come to stay:. It hopes 1 to win its way to public favor by ener gy, industry and merit; and to this end we ask that you give it a fair trial, and if satisfied with its course a generous support. The four pages of six columns each, will be issued every evening, except Sunday, . and will be delivered in the city, or sent by mail for the moderate, sum of fifty cents a month. ' Its Objects will be to advertise the resources of the city, and adj acent country, to assist in, developing our. industries, in extending and opening up new channels for our trade, in securing an open river, and in. helping THE DALLES to take her prop-- er position as the Leading City of The paper, both daily and weekly, will be independent in criticism of political handling of local affairs, it: will be JUST, FAIR AND IMPARTIAL We will enedavor to give all the lo cal news, and we ask that your criticism of our object and course, be formed from. the contents of the paper, and not from rash assertions of outside parties. THE sent to any address for $1.50 per yeaiM It will contain from four to six eight column pages, and we shall endeavor to make it the equal of the best. - Aski your postmaster for a copy, or address- jfu A THE CHRONICLE PUB. CO. Office, N. W. Corw Washington and Second. Sts z Daily Eastern Oregon. politics, and in its matters, as in its.